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Kidney stones

Overview

A kidney stone, also known as renal calculus, is a solid mass made up of tiny crystals that form in the kidneys from substances found in the urine. These substances can include calcium, oxalate, uric acid, and others. Kidney stones vary in size, from as small as a grain of sand to as large as a golf ball.

Causes

Kidney stones can cause severe pain as they pass through the urinary tract, including the ureters, the bladder, and the urethra.

Kidney stones form when certain substances in the urine, such as calcium, oxalate, and uric acid, become highly concentrated and crystallize. 

  • Dehydration
  • Diet
  • Medical conditions
  • Genetics
  • Obesity
  • Medications
  • Medical procedures

    • Symptoms

    The symptoms of kidney stones can vary depending on the size of the stone, its location within the urinary tract, and whether it is causing a blockage or irritation. Common symptoms of kidney stones include:

  • Severe pain
  • Painful urination
  • Blood in the urine (hematuria)
  • Frequent urination
  • Nausea and vomiting
  • Urinary urgency and hesitancy
  • Fever and chills

    • Treatment: Modern Medicine

  • Pain management
  • Hydration
  • Medications
  • Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL)
  • Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL)
  • Laser lithotripsy
  • Surgery

    • Treatment: Traditional Medicine

  • Dietary changes
  • Lemon juice
  • Apple cider vinegar
  • Herbal remedies
  • Baking soda
  • Magnesium supplements

    • Caution

  • Be mindful of supplements
  • Pay attention to your body

    • Prevention

  • Monitor urine pH
  • Limit alcohol and caffeine
  • Maintain a healthy weight
  • Exercise regularly
  • Stay hydrated
  • Monitor your diet

    • Category

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    Disclaimer: The information provided on this platform is for informational and educational purposes only. It is not intended to substitute professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Individuals should always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare professional, such as a physician, doctor, or nutritionist, before making any health-related decisions.

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