Overview

It is a medical emergency and can lead to organ failure, brain damage, or death if untreated.

Causes

• Prolonged exposure to sun or hot environments
• Strenuous activity in high heat
• Wearing excess clothing
• Dehydration

Symptoms

• Body temp >104°F (40°C)
• Altered mental state, confusion
• Rapid pulse, headache
• Nausea, dizziness
• Seizures or unconsciousness

Treatment: Modern Medicine

• Diagnosis: Core body temperature, blood tests, neurological assessment
• Treatment:
  • Immediate cooling (ice packs, cool water immersion)
  • IV fluids for hydration
  • Hospitalization in severe cases

Treatment: Traditional Medicine

• Ayurveda: Shadang Paniya, Amalaki Rasayana
• Siddha: Nannari syrup, Sirukanpeelai kudineer
• Unani: Sharbat Unnab, Arq-e-Gulab
• Homeopathy: Glonoine, Belladonna (supportive)
• Nutraceuticals: ORS, electrolytes, coconut water

Caution

• Medical emergency—don’t delay treatment
• Elderly and children are at higher risk

Prevention

• Stay hydrated
• Avoid peak sun hours
• Wear loose cotton clothes
• Never leave children or pets in parked cars