Overview

Often caused by stress, trauma, nutritional deficiency, or certain foods. Recurrent aphthous stomatitis affects 10–20% of the population.

Causes

• Biting the cheek or tongue
• Stress or anxiety
• Vitamin B12, folate, or iron deficiency
• Spicy or acidic food
• Autoimmune conditions (rarely)

Symptoms

• Small white/yellow sore with red edge
• Pain or burning while eating/talking
• One or multiple ulcers
• No fever or contagiousness

Treatment: Modern Medicine

• Diagnosis: Clinical exam
• Treatment:
  • Topical gels (benzocaine, triamcinolone)
  • Vitamin B12, folic acid supplements
  • Antiseptic mouthwashes
  • Avoid spicy foods

Treatment: Traditional Medicine

• Ayurveda: Yashtimadhu, Triphala, Durva swarasa
• Siddha: Manathakkali, Karpooravalli paste
• Unani: Sharbat-e-Unnab, Arq-e-Gulab rinses
• TCM: Honeysuckle flower, Borneol for heat toxins
• Homeopathy: Borax, Merc sol, Kali mur
• Nutraceuticals: Vitamin B12, Iron, Zinc, Folic acid

Caution

• Recurrent ulcers may need screening for Crohn’s or Behçet’s disease
• Steroid mouth gels should be used with caution

Prevention

·         Avoid food triggers (citrus, spicy)

·         Manage stress and maintain oral hygiene

·         Correct vitamin deficiencies