Overview

CKD is classified into 5 stages based on GFR (glomerular filtration rate). It is often a complication of diabetes, hypertension, or long-term kidney damage.

Causes

• Diabetes and hypertension
• Glomerulonephritis
• Polycystic kidney disease
• Prolonged use of painkillers (NSAIDs)

Symptoms

• Fatigue, nausea
• Swelling in feet and face
• Decreased urine output
• High blood pressure
• Muscle cramps, itchy skin

Treatment: Modern Medicine

• Diagnosis: GFR, Creatinine, Urine ACR, Renal ultrasound
• Treatment:
  • Control underlying diseases
  • Low-protein, low-sodium diet
  • Phosphate binders, erythropoietin
  • Dialysis or transplant (stage 5)

Treatment: Traditional Medicine

• Ayurveda: Punarnava, Gokshura, Varun, Palasha
• Siddha: Sirukanpeelai, Karunthulasi
• Unani: Sharbat Bazoori, Qurs Tabasheer
• TCM: Cordyceps, Astragalus, acupuncture
• Homeopathy: Plumbum met, Apis, Serum anguillae
• Nutraceuticals: CoQ10, Vitamin D, B-complex, Omega-3 (under renal dietician supervision)

Caution

• CKD often remains asymptomatic until late stage
• Strict dietary and fluid control is essential

Prevention

• Regular screening in diabetics and hypertensives
• Control blood sugar, BP
• Avoid nephrotoxic drugs and over-the-counter painkillers