Overview

These disorders often occur in teens and young adults, especially females. They are psychiatric illnesses with serious health risks, including death if untreated.

Causes

• Body image issues and low self-esteem
• Cultural/social media pressure
• Family or childhood trauma
• Neurochemical imbalances (serotonin, dopamine)

Symptoms

Anorexia:

• Extreme weight loss
• Fear of gaining weight
• Distorted body image
• Amenorrhea (in females)

Bulimia:

• Binge eating episodes
• Self-induced vomiting, use of laxatives
• Tooth erosion, swollen salivary glands
• Shame and secrecy around eating

Treatment: Modern Medicine

• Diagnosis: Clinical assessment, BMI, blood tests, ECG
• Treatment:
  • Psychotherapy: CBT-E, family-based therapy
  • Nutritional rehabilitation and meal planning
  • Antidepressants (SSRIs like Fluoxetine)
  • Monitoring for electrolyte imbalance and cardiac risk

Treatment: Traditional Medicine

• Ayurveda: Shatavari, Ashwagandha, Vidanga for nourishment and mental health
• Siddha: Herbal tonics for digestion and nerve balance
• Unani: Mufarreh Nafsiyath, Jawarish-e-Kamuni
• TCM: Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang, acupuncture to balance appetite and mood
• Homeopathy: Ignatia, Natrum mur, Calc carb
• Nutraceuticals: Zinc, Omega-3, Probiotics, Iron, Vitamin D

Caution

• Medical emergencies may occur due to malnutrition or purging
• Always seek mental health expert support—family support is key

Prevention

• Early awareness of body positivity
• Limit social media exposure that promotes unrealistic ideals
• Encourage healthy eating and emotional expression