Overview

Typically progresses through freezing, frozen, and thawing stages. Common in people aged 40–60 and those with diabetes or post-surgery immobility.

Causes

• Post-injury or surgery immobility
• Autoimmune inflammation
• Diabetes and thyroid disorders

Symptoms

• Shoulder stiffness and restricted movement
• Dull, aching pain
• Worse at night or cold
• Pain during reaching, dressing

Treatment: Modern Medicine

• Diagnosis: Clinical exam, X-ray/MRI
• Treatment:
  • NSAIDs, corticosteroids
  • Physiotherapy (ROM exercises)
  • Hydrodilatation injection
  • Arthroscopic capsular release (surgical)

Treatment: Traditional Medicine

• Ayurveda: Abhyanga, Pizhichil, Janu Basti
• Siddha: Herbal warm oils and fomentation
• Unani: Strengthening decoctions and local application
• TCM: Acupuncture, moxa, warming therapies
• Homeopathy: Ferrum metallicum, Causticum
• Nutraceuticals: MSM, Boswellia, Vitamin D3, Magnesium

Caution

• Avoid immobilizing the joint for too long
• Gentle movement is essential to recovery

Prevention

• Regular shoulder mobility exercises
• Manage blood sugar and thyroid
• Early rehab after injuries/surgeries