Overview

Most are germ cell tumors (seminomas or non-seminomas). Monthly testicular self-exam is crucial for early detection.

Causes

• Undescended testicle (cryptorchidism)
• Family history
• Genetic factors (Klinefelter’s syndrome)
• HIV infection

Symptoms

• Lump or swelling in one testicle
• Dull ache in groin or lower abdomen
• Feeling of heaviness in scrotum
• Gynecomastia (due to hormone-secreting tumors)

Treatment: Modern Medicine

• Diagnosis: Ultrasound, Tumor markers (AFP, hCG, LDH), CT scan
• Treatment:
  • Orchiectomy (surgical removal of testicle)
  • Chemotherapy (e.g., BEP protocol)
  • Radiotherapy for seminomas
  • Regular follow-up for recurrence

Treatment: Traditional Medicine

Supportive post-treatment only)

• Ayurveda: Ashwagandha, Guduchi (immune support)
• Siddha: Seenthil, Amukkara chooranam
• Unani: Kushta Faulad, Arq-e-Gulab
• TCM: Huang Qi, Shan Zhu Yu (immune tonic)
• Homeopathy: Conium, Carcinosin (supportive only)
• Nutraceuticals: Selenium, CoQ10, Vitamin E, Curcumin

Caution

• Do not ignore testicular lumps
• Cancer is highly treatable with early diagnosis

Prevention

• Monthly testicular self-exam
• Timely correction of undescended testicle
• Avoid radiation and environmental toxins